LHA\LHA205.DOC ·
DOC ·
27 KB ·
1991-03-07 ·
from Amstrad-PC_Mega-Disk_Volume-1_Jun-1991
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Manual for LHA Version 2.05
translated to English by Kenjirou Okubo
Ver 2.05 1991/01/27
------------------------------------------------------------------------
NIFTY-Serve SDI00506 HARUYASU YOSHIZAKI
ASCII-pcs pcs02846 Yoshi
PC-VAN FEM12376
------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is a manual for the Beta test version of LHA.EXE. LHA is
an upward compatible and improved version of LH113C v113C. Since
Microsoft's DOS 5.0 has an interior command LH.EXE, (for Load
High) the name has been changed from LH.exe to LHA.exe. Please
run this program and tell me if/where improvements are needed.
NOTE: The help guide built into LHA.EXE is still
in Japanese. Refer to the end of LHA205.HLP
for the English version last made available.
0. To begin with
-----------------
This is a revised version of LH113C.exe., an archiver which was
rather slow in execution but tight in compression rate. I am
grateful for the support of LH113C's users both in Japan where
the .LZH file is a standard archived file name and in other
countries where .LZH is one of a known extension. I had been
working for this new version for two years since the last re-
lease of LH113C.EXE am now glad to announce the release of
this test version.
LHA differs from LH113C:
-----------------------
LHA is better than LH113 in compression rate, especially with
large files. There are a few exceptions if using rather small
files. (Under 1 Kb.) LHA is faster than LH113C in decompres-
sing, with new static Huffman coding, compared with the older
dynamic Huffman. The speed of compression is not as fast as I
was expecting. <sigh>
LHA needs more memory than LH113C did. If there is not enough
for LHA to work, it may have looser compression rate, although
it tries to continue execution. LHA is upper compatible to
LH113C. But LH113C is not completely compatible with the LHA
format. Please switch to LHA as soon as you can. With the "/
o" option, you can dearchive anything made by LH113C, but not
vice versa.
LHA is distributed as a free program with copyright reserved.
There is no restriction for the use within private cooperations
or the use for governmental agencies. Users must be respon-
sible for the use of facilities of the software especially of
the auto ! batch file. The software is distributed as is. I
am not liable for any damage caused by the use of this soft-
ware. For commercial use of this software, please refer to our
distribution policy.
Now you can proceed to read the complete description of commands
and options. However, if you are not familiar with what an
archiver is, please refer to the introductory note LHA.HLP
written especially for LHA.EXE by Irvin Hoff.
1. Usage.
---------
A. General Format:
==================
LHA <command> [/<option> ARC [[DIR\] [FILE]...]... [-+012|WDIR]...]
<command>: if one is not used, you get the help screen or a list of
FILEs.
<option>: you may supply one or more of options explained below.
(needs an / or - in front, to designate an option)
ARC: archive name.
DIR: base directory name.
FILE: File name or full pathname if specified.
WDIR: Working Directory name.
B. <command>
=============
a (Add) compress and add to an archive.
Compress and Add files specified to an archive. If the named
archive does not exist, then create one with the name. LHA
overwrites any file in the archive by the given file name with
'a' command. Compare with 'u' command.
The commands 'a' and 'm' are used to make an archive.
< Example 1 > LHA a ex *.EXE
LHA makes an ARChive ex.LZH, from all the files with extension
'EXE'. Extension .LZH is default.
u (Update) Compress and Update.
Compress and add files specified to an archive as command 'a'.
If LHA detects a file with the name same as the one in the
archive, then LHA selects the new one to add to archive, by
comparing the time stamp of each.
< Example 2 > LHA u ex *.c
All the FILEs with extension '.C' are archived in ex.LZH. If
you already have ex.LZH containing a FILE with the same name,
only the one with newer time stamp is archived.
m (Move)
Compress and add to an archive as 'u' command with checking
time stamps. The difference is that LHA deletes all the files
moved into the archive.
< Example 3 > LHA m ex *.c
does the same as
LHA u ex *.c
del *.c .
Watch the second line. With the /C option, LHA removes all the
FILEs into the ARChive ignoring time stamps. You may lose the
one with the older time stamp.
f (Freshen)
LHA looks for a FILE with the same name as the FILE in the
archive. If it finds one with a newer time stamp, LHA
rewrites the one in the archive. 'LHA f /c ARC ' will not
check the time stamp.
< Example 4 > LHA f ex lha.doc
You have lha.doc compressed and archived in ex.LZH. You get a
new lha.doc, then you replace the one in ARChive too.
d (Delete)
LHA deletes FILE in ARC.
e (Extract)
LHA extracts FILEs from the archive with decompressing. If LHA
finds a FILE with a newer FILE with the same name, it skips the
FILEs. LHA extracts FILEs from ARChives made by L113C, namely,
those with the compression ids -lzs-, -lz4-, -lz5-.
<Example 6 > LHA e ex LHA
Extracts all the FILEs in the archive 'ex.LZH'.
< Example 7 > LHA e ex *.com
LHA extracts all the files with extension .COM from 'ex.LZH'.
x (eXtract) LHA eXtracts compressed FILE with pathnames.
If LHA can not find any path, then it will create directories.
FILEs must be archived with full-pathnames. LHA restores the
entire directory structure. 'LHA e /x1m1 ARC' does the same.
< EXample 8 > LHA x ex
Suppose '\BIN\CG86.EXE' were among the FILEs in 'EX.LZH'. LHA
creates directory '\BIN' if necessary, and extracts 'CG86.EXE'
there.
p (Print) Print FILE on standard out.
LHA prints FILE decompressing from ARC to standard output.
< Example 9 > LHA p ex lha.doc
LHA extracts 'LHA.DOC' from 'EX.LZH' and displays it on your
terminal.
< Example 10 > LHA p ex lha.doc > prn
LHA extracts 'LHA.DOC' from 'EX.LZH' and prints it out from
your printer.
l (List)
LHA lists FILE names in the archive on a line. A FILE with
pathname will have a mark '+' on the head of the line. 'LHA
l /x ARC' shows full-pathnames of FILEs in ARC, and in 2 lines
per FILE. You need not type 'l' to have the list.
< Example 11 > LHA lha205.exe
LHA assumes command 'l' and shows list of FILEs archived FILE
per line.
< Example 11x > LHA /x lha205.exe
You get a similar list but full-pathnames are inserted, and
each FILE is shown on two lines.
NOTE: Forward slash '/' is used as the pathname separator.
v (View)
'LHA v ARC' is the same with 'LHA l /x ARC'.
t (Test)
Check the integrity of ARC, by CRC check.
LHA t LHA.EXE or LHA t LHA???.LZH
will announce the authenticity of the file you own.
LHA t LHA.EXE
"This file seems to be ORIGINAL distributed from H.Yoshi."
LHA.exe tests itself for you. This guarantees the version you
have is not hacked by anyone, though it is not the full guaran-
tee in the present state of art. You can't check LHA.exe if
you have used executable file compressors such as LZEXE, PKLITE
or DIET.
< Example 12 > LHA t ex
LHA tests integrity of the FILEs in 'EX.LZH'.
< Example 13 > LHA t LHA.exe
LHA checks if LHA.EXE is the original file distributed.
s (Self-extract)
LHA makes a Self-Extracting ARChive from ARC.lzh. The default
switch /x0 is assumed when you do not specify. SFX made with
the /x0 switch, small model, extracts files on the current
directory. You can't activate some programs in the archived
FILEs automatically with small model. The size of the SFX file
is smaller than those made with /x1 switch, large model.
The large model SFX has the ability to restore subdirectory
structures and can automatically start execution from a FILE
inside the archive.
< Example 14 > LHA s ex
In this case, LHA makes a small model EX.EXE from EX.LZH.
C. </option>
============
Each option takes 3 numerical values to define its finer
actions. Use 0,1 and 2 to specify. For some options, the
values 1 and 2 does the same thing. You may toggle 0 and 1 by
'+' and '-" as with LH113C. You may change switch character
(option) from / to - if you prefer the '-'.
/x[0|1] (eXtend)
LHA uses eXtended FILE names, namely full-pathnames for FILEs.
You are on the root directory. Suppose you want to archive the
FILE '\tc\include\sys\stat.h' in an archive 'ARC.lzh'. You type
'LHA a /x1 ARC.lzh \tc\include\sys\stat.h' to store the FILE
with full-pathname,'\tc\include\sys\stat.h'. Similarly, you
have a 2-lined list with full-pathnames with 'l' command.
/p[0|1|2] (Precise)
Search file names precisely.
Suppose an ARChive 'TC.LZH' contains both 'STAT.H' and
'SYS\STAT.H'. A simple command like 'LHA e TC stat.h' will
extract both files on the current directory and let one
override the other. To avoid such confusion, you can type 'LHA
e -p TC stat.h' to extract 'STAT.H' only. While by typing 'LHA
e -p TC sys\stat.h' you will get 'SYS\STAT.H'.
/c[0|1|2] (ignore Comparison of time)
With commands 'u', 'f', 'e', 'x', LHA ignores the checking of
time stamps. With these commands, LHA chooses the newest FILE
with the same pathname to act on, by default. This option lets
LHA ignore the time stamps.
/m[0|1|2] (no Message)
ARC.lzh FILE' gives you the newest FILE n your directory.
'LHA e /m2 ARC.lzh FILE' dearchives every FILE by choosing
an unused file extension between 000-999.
/a[0|1] (any Attribute)
By default, LHA does not archive FILEs with attribute READONLY.
This switch enables archiving such FILEs. Extracted files have
their archive bit set by default. With the /a1 switch on, LHA
restores any attributes of the archived FILEs.
/r[0|1|2] (Recursive)
LHA archives and extracts files recursively from
subdirectories. 'Recursively', means LHA searches all FILEs
from all subdirectories under the specified directory if there
is any.
There are three different modes for '/r' switch.
/r0: (non-recursive mode, default)
LHA collects files specified by path names only.
/r1:
LHA separates the given pathname into a directory name and FILE
name. LHA recursively collects FILEs with the given name from
all the directories under the directory specified.
< Example 15 > LHA a /r1 source.lzh \source\*.c \source\*.h
LHA collects FILEs with extension C and H from directory
\source and its subdirectories, probably '\sources\samples\*.c'
but not '\source\*.obj'.
/r2:
LHA recursively collects all the files from all the specified
subdirectories. Tree structure of the specified directory is
archived as it is.
< Example 16 > LHA a /r2x1 a:\*.*
NOTE: LH113C has set /x whenever /r is set in e or x commands.
LHA differs from LH113C in that /x is not set with /r automati-
cally.
The following questions are the most frequently asked ones:
(1) How do you backup a disk a: ?
LHA a /r2x1 ARC.lzh a:\
(2) Then how do you retrieve all the directories and files on
b:?
LHA x ARC.lzh b:\
/w[0|1|<Directory Name>] (Work directory)
Specify the directory name where LH makes temporary files.
LHA a /wd:\ ARC.lzh FILEs
set -w switch on.
By default, LHA makes all the temporary files on the directory
where ARC.lzh is to be made. It will rename the temporary file
as ARC.lzh.
LHA makes temporary files on the current directory if no name
is specified with '/w+'.
When you set Environmental variable 'TMP' this switch is set
automatically to be 1.
The switch helps LHA when you have not enough room in your base
directory, or when you have a high speed memory device like RAM
disk or HARD ram.
/n[0|1] (No indicator)
In this version, LHA outputs compressing indicator "ooo....."
to standard error. The switch is to suppress this output.
/n1: LHA disables output "ooo....." to indicate its progress.
/n2: LHA disables outputs of filename, compression rates.
/t[0|1] (Time stamp)
With command a,u,m,f,d reset time stamp of ARC.lzh according to
the newest file in the archive. By default, the time stamp of
an ARC.lzh is the time when the ARC.lzh is made.
/z[0|1|2] (Zero compression)
LHA makes an archive without compressing.
/z1: None of the FILEs is compressed
/z2: Compress and archive except for the FILEs with extensions:
.ARC, .DWC, .LZH, .LZS, .PAK, .ZIP, .ZOO.
/o[0|1] (Old compatible compression)
LHA makes an ARChive compatible with LH113C format. Even in
this case, LHA makes tighter compression than LH113C ver.1xx.
Header id is automatically set to be -h1.
/h[0|1|2] (Header level)
Choice of header level, default is -h1.
/i[0|1] (don't Ignore case)
Recognize Upper and Lower cases. LH(arc)s have common header
format in other OS's where cases are recognized as distinct.
This option is prepared for dearchiving ARChives made by other
OS'. In the DOS version of LHA, you can't differentiate upper
and lower when LHA archives FILEs into ARC. Names are all
stored in upper case.
/l[0|1|2] (Long display ).
LHA outputs filenames in different formats when LHA archives
and dearchives.
/l0 : FILE names only.
/l1 : Full-pathnames stored or to be stored in ARChive in 2 lines.
/l2 : Full-pathname of FILEs accessed by LHA in 2 lines.
< Example 16 > LHA a /r1x1l2 link.lzh c:\link.*
LHA collect link.* with full-pathname from directories below
c:\, with information from where LHA get these FILEs.
/@[1] LHA
recognizes the characters '-' and '@' as the first letter of a
FILE name. By default, any file beginning with '@', like
'@xxx' is recognized as a Response File 'xxx'. To exit from
this mode specify '/@0'. You cannot use '-@0' in this
particular case.
D. Base Directory.
==================
Base directory is not the current nor the root directory. It
is the directory on which LHA is executed. Or you may believe
that you move to this directory and execute LHA from there.
You may specify a number of directories as your base
directories.
< Example 17 > LHA x program c:\bin\ *.exe *.com c:\temp\ *.man *.doc
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
Suppose you are on the directory d:\. You want to extract
files with extensions .COM and .EXE on c:\bin, and those with
extensions .MAN and .DOC on the directory c:\temp. This is
equivalent to the following set of command lines.
D>c:
C>cd \bin
C>LHA x d:\program *.com *.exe
C>cd \temp
C>LHA x d:\program *.man *.doc
Naturally, you can't dearchive a single FILE on multiple
directories. The directory specified first has the priority.
E. DOS redirection and response file.
=====================================
LHA can't accept too many file names on a command line as
MS-DOS's restriction. To avoid this inconvenience, now LHA
accepts PIPES and REDIRECTS of DOS. Besides LHA can use work
file called response file to record the names of the files to
be archived like MAKEFILE for some compilers.
a. Response File.
The response file name will be marked with the letter '@' as of
Link.exe. It is a text file. You may just write whatever you
want LHA to be done on this file. Response file ignores CR
code and uses space as a separator. You may write options in
the response file but you can't nest, calling other response
file, file names.
b. DOS Pipes and Redirects.
You may specify the same information supplied by a response
FILE by using pipes or redirections. You may create a response
FILE by redirection.
< Example 18 > LHA l /n1 parts > files
LHA a newparts @files.
Make a list of files in ARC 'PARTS.LZH' as FILES and use it to
make a new ARChive 'NEWPARTS.LZH'. This is done by using the
response files, after some editing.
< Example 19 > ls | sort | LHA a all
Make a list of files in a directory by ls.exe. Sort file names
and make a sorted ARChive ALL.LZH. Beware of the various
formats from output of ls.exe. ls.exe is supposed to list
files one name per line without any attributes or time stamps.
F. Environmental Variables.
===========================
a. LHA and LH113C
LHA overrides LH113C. This will reset default optional.
b. TMP
Set working directory as -w option. In case LHA recognizes no
working directory, it uses the current directory as the working
directory and creates temporary files on it.
c. TZ
the Time Zone (EST, PST, etc.) must be set when you archive
with the header level -h2- and when you dearchive with -h2-.
In the Eastern Standard Time Zone you have to set TIME ZONE
with the DOS command: set TZ=EST+5. Remember the default
Remember the default header level is -h1-, in which case you
are all set.
G. Exit Codes.
==============
LH will return following result codes after batch or other
processes' execution.
0. Normal.
1. CRC error, probably with 'e','x','t' commands.
2. Fatal error. Process terminated without transactions.
3. Failed to write temporary files in ARChive. You may find
temporary file LHTEMP)2(.LZH on your working directory. You
may rename this file with extension LZH, and use it as an
ARChive.
H. Working File Names
======================
LHTMP)1(.LZH : Old ARChive renamed.
LHTMP)2(.LZH : Working file to be renamed as ARChive.
2.SFX, Self-Extracting-ARChive
------------------------------
General Usage:
SFX.exe [/x] [/!] [/eDIR] [DIR]
/x: do not create new directory.
/!: auto-execution batch enable.
[/eDIR],[DIR]; specify directory to extract.
SFX.exe is an executable file with FILEs archived in ARChive to
be extracted by execution. All the LHA distribution will be in
Self-Extracting .EXE-format. Only LHA.exe makes SFX files from
archive *.lzh made by LHA.exe. You can't make a Self-Extract-
ing executable file from ARChive made by 'LH113C.1.xx'.
LHA makes two models of SFX files (a) the small model and (b)
the large model according to the switch /x0 or /x1, with the
following special functions.
A. Telop.
=========
LHA displays any file with name '!' if SFX.exe find it archived.
LHA holds one screen after showing [Y/N] prompt. LHA proceeds on
execution if it receives 'Y' and quits execution for 'N'.
B. Directory Specification.
===========================
This is possible only for the large model. You can name the
directory on which to execute SFX.exe.
< Example 20 > lha205.exe /xec:\user
LHA extracts FILEs in LHA205.EXE on C:\USER. You may of course
type:
LHA e /x0 lha205.exe c:\user ,
to keep the TELOP file.
C. Auto Execution
==================
This is possible only for large models.
Archive a batch file with the name "!.bat" and include it in
the SFX file. This batch works if and only if you type:
lha205 -!
LHA always extracts files on the current directory. Any
existing "!.bat" file is overwritten. You can't activate
existing !.bat by "-!" switch even if there is one on the
current directory. The batch file is read if and only if it is
archived in SFX file.
Two Models of Self-Extracting Files:
a. Small Model (LHA s SFX.lzh)
This is the default model.
LHA ignores the directory structures even if you make the
archive file with /x or /r[1|2] switch. LHA holds only the
FILE names. SFX.exe extracts files to the current directory.
There is no limit on the size of SFX.exe as there was for LH113C.
b. Large Model (LHA s /x1 SFX.lzh)
You can run a batch file to specify the directory to extract
files. You can retrieve original directory structures with this
model. You may refrain from creating unexpected structures by
using /x switch.
3. Main Differences from LH113C
--------------------------------
LHA is an improved version of LH113C in principle. You will
notice a number of differences from LHA when comparing with
LH113C. Some of the differences will be mentioned at this
time. (You may wish to read the LH113.C manual for a better
comparison if anything appears confusing.)
FILE names are not sorted in ARC. LHA takes FILEs into ARC in
the order they were stored in the directory when using wild
cards. If you specify the order of FILE, then the order is
reproduced in ARC. If you add new FILEs in an ARC, then new
ones will be added to the already existing FILEs.
You may use utilities to sort FILE names in your directory to
store FILEs in sorted order if you wish. Or by using pipe you
may type:
< Example 21 > ls *.c *.h | sort | LHA a ex.
LHA collects FILEs with extensions C and H sorted in the
ARChiver 'EX.LZH'.
Consequently, /r switch does not necessarily activate /x switch
in extraction. In this version of LHA, 'x' command is equiva-
lent to 'E /x1m1', namely, LHA restores all the tree structures
of subdirectories.
4. Our distribution Policy
---------------------------
This software, this document and LHA.EXE, is a
copyright-reserved free program. You may use, copy and
distribute this software free of charge under the following
conditions.
1. Never change Copyright statement.
2. The enclosed documents must be distributed with as a package.
3. When you have changed the program, or implemented the program
for other OS or environment, then you must specify the part
you have changed. Also make a clear statement as to your name
and MAIL address or phone number.
4. The author is not liable for any damage on your side caused by
the use of this program.
5. The author has no duty to remedy for the deficiencies of the
program.
6. When you are to distribute this software with publications or
with your product, you have to print the copyright statement
somewhere on the disk or on the package. You cannot
distribute this software with copyprotected products.
As long as those conditions are satisfied, you do not
have to get the author's permission to use or to dis-
tribute the software.
5. How to contact the author.
------------------------------
Please send MAIL to Forum flabo on Nifty serve. Go Nifty on
CompuServe and read the instructions there. Your inquiries or
your questions are to be addressed to the one of the above
Nifty forums. Direct MAIL to the author.
My mail address : SDI00506 | PFF00253 on Nifty Serve.
pcs02846 ASCII-NET pcs.
FEM12376 PC-VAN.
Oversea Users may send inquiries, also, to K.Okubo to the address:
[74100,2565] on Compuserve,
K.Okubo Genie,
[email protected]. INTERNET,CSNET etc.
6. Acknowledgements.
--------------------
What have I done in these days of rapidly changing software
technologies? My LH113C has contributed for the improvements of
similar products such as PKZIP(tm) or PAK(tm). Even with my
modest Japanese estimate, this I can be proud of at this
moment. I thank for all those people who supported and used
LH113C, voices of users have always been a constant
encouragement to me.
I express my gratitude to Haruhiko Okumura and members of
SIG Science of PCVAN for the improvements of algorithms,
to K.Okubo who introduced and supported LH113C on over-
sea networks such as CompuServe and GEnie.
to Irv Hoff who worked with Kenjirou Okubo on reviewing
the English version for spelling, grammar and English
phrasing.
to K.Miki who introduced me to archivers and hold a place
for experiments,
to members of LSI-Japan who offered excellent versions of
LSI-C, to the members of Forum FHONYAKU who prepared English
manual, and finally to all who used LH113C and supported it.
7. Reference
-------------
1. Knuth, D.E., Dynamic Huffman Coding, J.Algorithms, 6:163-180.
2. Kurita, T. Harddisk Cook Book. 1987 Shoeisha,Tokyo.
3. Kurita, T. Tool Box of Coputing, Huffman Coding, bit
70:100-101,1988.
4. Okumura,K.,Masuyama,K.,Miki,K. Practice and theory of Data
Compression. The Basic, 70(March):1-65,1989.
5. Fiala,E.R., and Greene,D.H., Data Compression with Finite Win-
dows, Comm.ACM, 32:490-595,1989.
6. Okumura,H., and Yoshizaki,H. Introduction to Compression
Algorithm, C Magazine 3:1:44-68,1991.
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